cầm cự

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The Vietnamese word "cầm cự" is a verb that means "to contend" or "to hold out." It is often used in contexts where someone is trying to endure or withstand a challenging situation, often against difficult odds.

Basic Explanation:

• "Cầm cự" can refer to fighting against an opponent or holding your ground in a tough situation. It implies a sense of resistance and perseverance.

Usage Instructions:

1. Context: Use "cầm cự" when talking about situations where someone is facing a challenge or opposition. It is often used in military or competitive contexts but can also apply to personal struggles.
2. Form: Usually, it is used in the context of someone or something striving against a force or difficulty.

Examples:

• Basic Example: "Anh ấy cầm cự trong trận chiến." (He contended in the battle.)
• Complex Example: "Trong thời kỳ khó khăn, họ đã cầm cự được một thời gian dài." (During hard times, they held out for a long time.)

Advanced Usage:

In a more advanced context, "cầm cự" can describe situations where individuals or groups are trying to maintain their position or resources in the face of adversity. It can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional or financial struggles.

Word Variants:

• "Cầm" (to hold) + "cự" (to resist)
• You can find related words that involve holding or resisting, such as "kiên cường" (resilient) or "bền bỉ" (persistent).

Different Meanings:

While "cầm cự" primarily means to contend or hold out, in certain contexts, it can also imply a sense of temporary survival without a clear victory.

Academic

verb

1. To contend
   • một mình cầm cự với cả một đơn vị địch
     to contend single-handed with a whole enemy unit